Qingdao Tennry Carbon Co., Ltd.
Qingdao Tennry Carbon Co., Ltd.

Industry Application Case: Developing High-Performance Graphite Bearings and Seals

1. Case Overview


Tennry Carbon, leveraging its mature technologies in graphite microstructure control, surface modification, and pore optimization, has developed modified graphite bearings and dynamic/static sealing rings for fluid machinery, chemical equipment, high-temperature furnaces, and new energy devices. These self-lubricating, corrosion-resistant friction components are designed to meet demanding sealing requirements. Addressing common issues with conventional graphite—such as high porosity, easy permeability, significant frictional wear, and insufficient strength—the company enhances overall product performance through matrix densification, directional impregnation, and interface modification processes.


2. Project Background


Graphite bearings and seals are widely used as core friction and sealing components in chemical magnetic pumps, centrifugal pumps, high-temperature fans, compressors, and vacuum equipment. Thanks to graphite’s natural self-lubricity, resistance to acids and alkalis, and high-temperature stability, these components are ideal for oil-free dry-running and corrosive environments. However, conventional graphite products on the market commonly suffer from the following drawbacks:


  • High connectivity of native pores allows media penetration into the matrix, leading to swelling, cracking, and leakage;

  • Low mechanical strength of the base material makes it prone to chipping and fracture under high-speed rotation or thermal cycling conditions;

  • Poor friction stability results in high long-term wear rates and rapid seal failure;

  • Most manufacturers only perform machining without advanced powder-level modification capabilities, limiting the performance potential of raw materials.


3. Core Modification Technology Solutions


  • High-purity graphite raw material purification: Utilizing high-temperature purification processes, strictly controlling metal impurities to prevent localized corrosion induced by contaminants in corrosive media and eliminating contamination caused by impurity析出 in fluid media.

  • Matrix pore structure control: Drawing on anode powder packing technology, optimizing graphite particle gradation to reduce interconnected porosity in the green body; combined with vacuum impregnation modification (resin/antimony impregnation) to seal internal micropores, addressing medium permeation challenges and enhancing airtightness and dimensional stability.

  • Graphite surface interface modification: Improving interfacial bonding strength between the graphite matrix and impregnating phase, reducing interlayer delamination, enhancing bending strength and wear resistance, and lowering friction coefficient.

  • Precision forming and fine machining: After forming modified graphite blanks, high-precision grinding is applied to ensure flatness of sealing surfaces and bearing fit tolerances, meeting requirements for high-speed rotating equipment.


4. Commercialization and Application Outcomes


  • Application scenarios: New energy vacuum equipment, hydrogen compressor graphite seals

  • Hydrogen compressors and vacuum coating equipment demand low outgassing and high cleanliness. The triple-segmented high-purity modified graphite seal rings feature low impurity content, no organic volatiles, excellent sealing followability, and are suitable for high-pressure, dry, oil-free conditions, meeting clean production standards for new energy equipment.

  • Overall benefits: Significant reduction in customer equipment maintenance frequency, lower overall consumable procurement costs, and reduced capacity loss due to unplanned downtime.


5. Project Core Value


  • Technological reusability: Leveraging existing carbon material R&D platforms to enter the high-end industrial consumables market, advancing domestication of high-end impregnated graphite seals.

  • Differentiated competitive advantage: Unlike conventional graphite machining manufacturers, the company possesses core upstream technologies in powder modification and pore structure control, enabling integrated "graphite substrate modification → precision machining" solutions, capable of customizing modification schemes based on specific media, temperature, and rotational speed conditions.


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